Friday, May 15, 2020
Cypop 5 Childminding Course Task 9 Report on Behaviour
TASK 9 REPORT ON BEHAVIOUR ââ¬âpolicies and assessment explation Behaviour can often be linked to age and stage as well as environment. Other factors that can influence behaviour are overall development, self-image, changes in personal life, new school, media and peer groups. For instance , with a young baby you might get signs of ââ¬Ëseparation anxietyââ¬â¢ . With a two year old, their might be ââ¬Ëtoddler frustrationââ¬â¢ and with school aged children , strong attitudes and opinions. As child minders we need to be aware of the types of abuse and what to look for Sexual abuse, neglect, emotional/psyhchological,and physical. All of these subjects have had in depth discussions during class and I am well aware of the signs to look out for. Whilstâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¢ I will help children maintain their self-esteem by showing I disapprove of their bad behaviour not the child themselves. If I have concerns about a childââ¬â¢s behaviour which are not being resolved, I will ask for permission from the parents to talk it through with another childcare professional. I may contact the National Childminding Association, the NSPCC, health visitor or the local early years team (or other relevant advice service) for confidential advice. Concerns that could identify a particular child are kept confidential and only shared with people who need to know this information. I encourage appropriate behaviour by: â⬠¢ Setting a good example, I aim to be a positive role model as children copy what they see. Children learn values and behaviour from adults. â⬠¢ I readily praise, approve and reward wanted behaviour, such as sharing, to encourage it to be repeated. Using praise helps to show that I value the child and it helps to build their self-esteem. â⬠¢ I praise children to their parents and other people when they have behaved as expected. â⬠¢ I try to be consistent when saying ââ¬Å"noâ⬠and explain reasons why it is not appropriate and considered unwanted behaviour. â⬠¢ My expectations are flexible and realistic and are adjusted to the age, level of understanding, maturity and stage of development of the child. â⬠¢ I try to involving children in setting and agreeing house rules.
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Discussion Of Militaries In Public School Is Often Relegated
Discussion of militaries in public school is often relegated to battle and military strategy. However, there are several more layers that go into handling and continuing any force of consequence. Societies throughout history have tackled these extra layers in their own ways. Examination of the primary documents ââ¬Å"Genghis Khan: The History of the World Conquerorâ⬠by ââ¬ËAla-ad-Din ââ¬ËAta-Malik Juvaini, ââ¬Å"Conscription and Professional Soldiers in Song Chinaâ⬠by Ouyang Xiu and Fan Zhen, and ââ¬Å"The Challenges of Raising an Armyâ⬠by Ziaââ¬â¢ al-Din Barani details the contrasting ways in which thirteenth century Mongolia, Song China, and Delhi handled the upkeep, recruitment, and organization of their respective militaries. Examination also revealsâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦It also allowed for the trickle down, explanation, and elaboration of orders from the top. In contrast to the Mongolian military, the army of Song China formed not through a n all-encompassing draft but, rather, through recruitment. Instead of requiring military service, ââ¬Å"recruiting officers [would] go out in times of dearth, measuring the height of the men, testing their strength, and enrolling them in the standing army.â⬠ââ¬Å"Times of dearthâ⬠means times of scarcity and famine. In other words, when times became tough, army officials would go to the fields looking to recruit strong men into the military. Since the military was comprised of a standing army, unlike Mongoliaââ¬â¢s, being in the army was a permanent job. For the time they were in the military, the men would not return to the fields. Perhaps this idea of a life away from the hardships of working the fields was exploited during recruitment. Because of this, it can be assumed that many wished to join the military. However, since the recruitment officers examined the menââ¬â¢s physical prowess, not everyone would be able to join. As such, joining became competitive. Although it is questionable how competitive it truly was because the army recruiters were rewarded based upon the number of recruits the managed to gather. Also, rather than organize in units of ten, ââ¬Å"Conscription and Professional Soldiers in Song Chinaâ⬠shows that Chinaââ¬â¢s army of the time was instead organized into two separateShow MoreRelatedThe Role of Women in Nation Building1880 Words à |à 8 Pagescountries especially in Africa. Notable among such groups/sections are the women whose roles in nation building have not been fully harnessed. The traditional role of women from history has always been childbearing and/or rearing and housekeeping, which often include subsistence agricultural activities. However, for most of the time they have been excluded from most political or nation building activities. In many societies they are regarded more or less as second class citizens. In most African societiesRead MoreThreats of Terror Essay5144 Words à |à 21 Pagesthreat of terror. It discusses the effects of the terror over the character of Israeli society and the critical debates in its system of education. As far as it can be ascertained through the observations in this study, the general publicsââ¬â¢ attitude could be defined as a mildly moral realistic one: people think that terror and violence have objective foundations but certainly embody some subjective human conventions and beliefs. Is it possible in a democraticRead MoreEssay about A New Educational Philosophy for Law Enforcement Training2938 Words à |à 12 PagesSince the mid 1980ââ¬â¢s there has been a paradigm shift in law enforcement from the military policing model to the community oriented policing model (Breci Erickson, 1998; Pliant, 1998; Rosenbaum Yeh, 1994; Thayer Reynolds, 1997; Varricchio, 1998). In the military model, police react to events in the community (Thayer Reynolds, 1997). Community problems filter up the chain of command and solutions filter their way back down. Police respond when a crime is committed. There is little contact withRead MoreLeadership Training Program4637 Words à |à 19 PagesSadly, in college classes today, few students learn the leadership skills they need for their future jobs or to serve their communities. In most universities, the development of student leadership skills is not part of the academic curriculum but relegated to ââ¬Å"extra-curricularâ⬠activities ââ¬â i.e., it is regarded as part of studentsââ¬â¢ non-academic activities in clubs and organizations. Of course, at various times in U.S. history, student movements have challenged this narrow definition of college curriculumRead MoreWhy Guns Should Be Banned9306 Words à |à 38 Pages3 million guns owned by the military and less than 1 million guns owned by the police, also in the USA. In 2009, gun deaths actually outraced motor vehicle deaths in 10 US states. The 20% of gun owners possess 60% of all guns in the USA. Gun violence and gun control have been in the news a lot lately. This is because of the recent shooting in Newtown, Connecticut where 20-year-old Adam Lanza shot twenty children, six adult staff members at Sandy Hook Elementary School and his mother at their homeRead MoreWhy Guns Should Be Banned9315 Words à |à 38 Pages3 million guns owned by the military and less than 1 million guns owned by the police, also in the USA. In 2009, gun deaths actually outraced motor vehicle deaths in 10 US states. The 20% of gun owners possess 60% of all guns in the USA. Gun violence and gun control have been in the news a lot lately. This is because of the recent shooting in Newtown, Connecticut where 20-year-old Adam Lanza shot twenty children, six adult staff members at Sandy Hook Elementary School and his mother at their homeRead More United States Agency for International Development Essay3597 Words à |à 15 Pageswith foreign policy and reconstruction efforts. Initially, foreign companies were formally barred from the lucrative reconstruction projects. This spring, Halliburton delayed billing the DOD over $140 million under allegations of overcharging for military meals and energy supplies. Where the DOD controls reconstruction in Iraq, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) controls foreign development aid. While the bloated and uncompetitive contracts to Halliburton attracted a hailRead MoreThe Golden Age Of Capitalism3963 Words à |à 16 Pageswerenââ¬â¢t qualified to enter the workforce. Congress passed the Se rvicemen s Readjustment Act of 1944, also known as the GI Bill of Rights.This bill ââ¬Å"provided education credits for returning servicemen to enter colleges, universities, or technical schoolsâ⬠, and provided payments for the veterans to live on (End of Warâ⬠). ââ¬Å"Over eight million veterans took advantage of this opportunity upon returning from the battlefieldsâ⬠(End of Warâ⬠). Two benefits towards the boom came from the GI Bill: the needRead MorePolicy Recommendation3338 Words à |à 14 Pagesskills that would bring home a desirable income. Many who do not have an education bring their family into a cycle of poverty, where their posterity doesnââ¬â¢t necessarily have the income to go to college or even donââ¬â¢t have a desire to acquire a high school diploma. Poverty rates are higher among families with only one parent or head of household present. Poverty is also related to age, those very young and those very old have higher rates of poverty than those in their prime and middle-age years.Read MoreInternal Threats to Pakistan10157 Words à |à 41 Pagesprofile, however, rural Sind, if instigated by foreign agencies like RAW may create problems for communal co-existence. c. Mohajir Qaumi Movement. This ethnic movement has added a new dimension to the internal security spectrum. Due to the military government the activists had gone under ground but they still remain the main threat to the security and success of the political process. d. Seraiki Suba Movement. This ethnic group demands a separate province ââ¬Å"Saraiki Subaâ⬠. About 9.83 percent
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Hostility and aggression Essay Example For Students
Hostility and aggression Essay Examine the ideas of manliness, hostility and aggression in A View From the Bridge. How are these ideas connected? Manliness, hostility and aggression are important ideas in A View From the Bridge. Clearly, in most cases, these ideas are displayed by the plays protagonist, Eddie. This aggression leads to his eventual downfall. Eddie has a certain view of what he considers to be manly. When Rodolfo does not conform to this view, it results in Eddie mocking him. In contrast, when Marco does conform to Eddies view, Eddie becomes paranoid and sees Marco as a threat to his manhood. Manliness aggression and hostility are all ideas displayed by Eddie. This may be due to the fact that Eddie is not very well educated and this may be a reason why he has difficulty in expressing his feelings. This results in him often resorting to verbal/ physical aggression. This may be reflecting Arthur Millers views on masculinity. There are also admirable qualities in Marco, Eddie and Rodolfo. The female characters also have a role to play in the tragedy, as Beatrice states. They are not merely victims of male aggression and hostility. Eddie has a stereotypical view of characteristics a man should have. Rodolfo is a man who does not fit into Eddies stereotypical view of what a man should be in and this is demonstrated when Rodolfo says I dont want to hit you Eddie. Rodolfo knows that manliness is not simply the ability to use brute force; in fact it takes a bigger man to avoid using violence. Furthermore, when Eddie finds that Rodolfo makes dresses, cooks as well as has blonde hair, he mocks him referring to him as Danish and implying he is homosexual by calling him a fruit, as well as stating that Rodolfo aint right and that hes no good. He compares Rodolfo with Marco, with the intention of putting Rodolfo down Marco goes around like a man, nobody kids Marco. This example of aggression/hostility towards Rodolfo may also stem from the fact that he is jealous that Catherine is attracted to Rodolfo. Beatrice appears to realise this when she tells Eddie that hes just jealous. This contrasts with when Marco challenges Eddie to a test of raw strength and Marco is distinctly blunt about the fact that he will not be intimidated by Eddies aggression Can you lift this chair? he asked Eddie. After Marco wins this contest, Eddie responds with anger (Eddies grin vanishes), as opposed to a gleam and a smile from Rodolfo when Eddie staggered him (when teaching him to box). It is also apparent that the female characters are also responsible for the tragedy of the play. Beatrice knows this and it is shown when she says Whatever happened we all done it, and dont you ever forget it, Catherine. Later on Catherine also comes to this realisation just before Eddies death when she tells him I never meant to do nothing bad to you. Catherine wanted to be with Rodolfo, against her guardians wishes, which ultimately lead to Eddie reporting the two immigrants and hence, his death. As well as this, it was Beatrice who fuelled Catherine with the desire to leave for Rodolfo, shown by the quote Youre a woman, thats all, and you got a nice boy, and now the time came when you said good-bye. All right? The language used by various characters also helps to reflect the attitudes and emotions of the characters. Eddie uses colloquial sentences, which are generally short. This reflects that he is uneducated and hence his unwillingness to think through the consequences of his actions as well as going some way to explaining his hostility and willingness to use physical violence. This is epitomised by the statement I dont think you listening to me anymore. Rodolfo is able to gain peoples attention by making them laugh as well as having the ability to help conversation There is one. We push that too. (They laugh. ) Everything in our town, you gotta push! Rodolfo also spoke in his second tongue, a reflection upon the fact that he is a cultured and somewhat well-educated individual. .u9866c4ca2bfe94cfcaac256b5f55f4fa , .u9866c4ca2bfe94cfcaac256b5f55f4fa .postImageUrl , .u9866c4ca2bfe94cfcaac256b5f55f4fa .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9866c4ca2bfe94cfcaac256b5f55f4fa , .u9866c4ca2bfe94cfcaac256b5f55f4fa:hover , .u9866c4ca2bfe94cfcaac256b5f55f4fa:visited , .u9866c4ca2bfe94cfcaac256b5f55f4fa:active { border:0!important; } .u9866c4ca2bfe94cfcaac256b5f55f4fa .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9866c4ca2bfe94cfcaac256b5f55f4fa { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9866c4ca2bfe94cfcaac256b5f55f4fa:active , .u9866c4ca2bfe94cfcaac256b5f55f4fa:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9866c4ca2bfe94cfcaac256b5f55f4fa .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9866c4ca2bfe94cfcaac256b5f55f4fa .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9866c4ca2bfe94cfcaac256b5f55f4fa .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9866c4ca2bfe94cfcaac256b5f55f4fa .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9866c4ca2bfe94cfcaac256b5f55f4fa:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9866c4ca2bfe94cfcaac256b5f55f4fa .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9866c4ca2bfe94cfcaac256b5f55f4fa .u9866c4ca2bfe94cfcaac256b5f55f4fa-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9866c4ca2bfe94cfcaac256b5f55f4fa:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Collections of poetry EssayHis friendly and caring attitude is reflected by in numerous circumstances, including when Eddie refuses to acknowledge him but he continues his conversation and makes attempts to talk to him. Another occasion was when Eddie punched him (seemingly by accident), Rodolfo simply replies with a smile. Had it been one of the other male characters who had been punched, they would have most likely retaliated or escalated the situation as we saw in the chair incident as well as the tragic ending. Because A View From the Bridge was written to be performed, it would not be appropriate if I did not cover the effects of various dramatic features used. In particular the ending in which Marco stabs Eddie with his own knife (which he is still holding) has a sense of irony about it because this reflects how Eddie brought this upon himself. Here, Eddie also falls to his knees before Marco, which represents how the bigger man won. It is the final blow to Eddies position of authority, which had been gradually diminishing ever since Catherine managed to get a job. It is also a reflection of how Eddies idea of justice which involves aggression and hostility lead to his eventual demise. Aggression, manliness and hostility are also tools that are used by Arthur Miller to create the tragedy. Miller was heavily influenced by Greek tragedies, which all involve tragic heroes with a fatal flaw that leads to their eventual demise. In this case, Eddie was the tragic hero and he had a number of fatal flaws, including his belief of what it means to be a man and, possibly, his love for his niece (Catherine). In 1950s New York there was much talk of urban warfare between rival American-Italian gangs. The vicious grudges between these gangs may well have been the inspiration for Eddie Carbones hostility and aggression. The American-Italian gang mentality may also have been the reason for Marcos challenging Eddie to lift the chair, because gang members were expected to stand up for each other, similar to what Marco was doing for Rodolfo (after Eddie hit him during the boxing). People had come from places such as Italy in the belief that American pavements were metaphorically paved with gold, in the belief that people of any background could come to America, make their fortune and live happily ever after. Instead many found themselves hiding away, working in dead end jobs and often getting involved with gang warfare. This mirrors the plight of Marco and Rodolfo who came to make money but instead found themselves working at docks and, ultimately, resorting to murder. In conclusion, Eddie has a certain belief of what he expects a man to be like and Rodolfo does not conform to these, resulting in Eddies mocking him. Marco conformed to this view and it turned out that he was more of a man than Eddie, resulting in Eddies demise. However, it is not only down to the male characters for the plays tragedy, because it was due to Catherines attraction to Rodolfo and Beatrices encouragement of her that lead to Eddies eventual demise. Arthur Miller has used language to reinforce the plays characters. Moreover, there are dramatic effects to further the key ideas of manliness aggression and hostility. These ideas may also have derived from 1950s American-Italian gang culture.
Wednesday, April 15, 2020
Thursday, March 12, 2020
Free Essays on Farmington Canal
The Farmington Canal In the early 1800s Middletown and Hartford were becoming very wealthy cities because of their proximity to the Connecticut River. The goods that were produced in Connecticut could be loaded onto boats and barges and shipped off to places where they could be sold. The boats and barges would, of course, would arrive filled with goods and supplies to, in return, supply those same areas. These cities were making lots of money because of trade. The Yankees brought on the idea of a canal that would extend north and furnish the towns along the way with goods, as well as be an easy route for their manufacturing and products to return to New Haven for sale as well as to be shipped elsewhere. Canals were in use in Italy as far back as 1500. The workers were digging a ditch 4 feet deep, 20 feet wide stretching some 80 miles all the way to Massachusetts in the early 1800s? The tools of choice at that time were shovels and wheelbarrows and they had a pick or two also. During this time the Erie Canal was being built. Maybe this inspired the idea to build the Farmington Canal. At the time there were plans that would connect Boston, Albany, and NY by canal. The Farmington would be part of that plan. They also wanted to connect it through the Erie Canal and into the Great Lakes. This was a plan that never came to be life. Times were changing back then, as they always are, and newer and better ways of transportation were on the coming up. The locomotive was around, but it wasn't in popular use yet. Like many New England coastal communities possessing good natural harbors, New Haven emerged from the first quarter of the nineteenth century as an important part with an established mercantile-based economy. However, between 1830 and 1850, the main focus of the cityââ¬â¢s economy shifted from mercantilism to manufacturing. This change in the economic base of New Haven was started by the construction and opening of the Farmington Ca... Free Essays on Farmington Canal Free Essays on Farmington Canal The Farmington Canal In the early 1800s Middletown and Hartford were becoming very wealthy cities because of their proximity to the Connecticut River. The goods that were produced in Connecticut could be loaded onto boats and barges and shipped off to places where they could be sold. The boats and barges would, of course, would arrive filled with goods and supplies to, in return, supply those same areas. These cities were making lots of money because of trade. The Yankees brought on the idea of a canal that would extend north and furnish the towns along the way with goods, as well as be an easy route for their manufacturing and products to return to New Haven for sale as well as to be shipped elsewhere. Canals were in use in Italy as far back as 1500. The workers were digging a ditch 4 feet deep, 20 feet wide stretching some 80 miles all the way to Massachusetts in the early 1800s? The tools of choice at that time were shovels and wheelbarrows and they had a pick or two also. During this time the Erie Canal was being built. Maybe this inspired the idea to build the Farmington Canal. At the time there were plans that would connect Boston, Albany, and NY by canal. The Farmington would be part of that plan. They also wanted to connect it through the Erie Canal and into the Great Lakes. This was a plan that never came to be life. Times were changing back then, as they always are, and newer and better ways of transportation were on the coming up. The locomotive was around, but it wasn't in popular use yet. Like many New England coastal communities possessing good natural harbors, New Haven emerged from the first quarter of the nineteenth century as an important part with an established mercantile-based economy. However, between 1830 and 1850, the main focus of the cityââ¬â¢s economy shifted from mercantilism to manufacturing. This change in the economic base of New Haven was started by the construction and opening of the Farmington Ca...
Tuesday, February 25, 2020
Anthropological perspectives on Peace and Conflict Studies Research Paper
Anthropological perspectives on Peace and Conflict Studies - Research Paper Example It explores how people of diverse appearance, different cultures and mutually incomprehensible languages live together peacefully. This paper will give an analysis of the possible causes of the Israeli/Palestinian conflict as well as solutions for the conflict from anthropological point of view. Introduction The conflict between Palestinians and Israelis is a struggle that has been going on since the mid of the 20th century. Within both Palestinian and Israeli societies, this conflict has generated a wide range of opinions and views. This underscores the deep divisions existing between Palestinians and Israelis and also within either society. This conflict has caused a high level of violence for almost the whole duration. Paramilitary groups, regular armies, terror cells and individuals have been conducting fights. Besides the military, casualties have also come from civilian population with a lot of fatalities on both sides. It has been noted that prominent global actors have engage d themselves in the conflict (Gelvin 15). Anthropology gives a scientific basis for handling crucial dilemma in todayââ¬â¢s world. It explores how people of diverse appearance, different cultures and mutually incomprehensible languages live together peacefully. Anthropology calls for no naturalization of all human constructions and recognition of cultureââ¬â¢s arbitrariness including arbitrariness of power (Lewellen 17). This paper will give an analysis of the possible causes of the Israeli/Palestinian conflict as well as solutions for the conflict from anthropological point of view. Causes of Israeli-Palestinian Conflict It has often been said that the conflict between Palestinians and Israelis is about land. This claim is designed to counter the usual misconception suggesting that the Israelis and Palestinians have a historical clash that dates back to hundreds of years as a result of inherent cultural and religious contempt for each other. The lands claims play a vital role in both sides of animosities, but it fails to give the full story (Harms 60). The more complex and more accurate explanation for this conflict is that it is about the emerging relationship between two groups of people living in the same area, particularly regarding the emergence of firstly, Jewish nationalism (Zionism) and secondly, Palestinian nationalism, which occurred between the late 19th century and early 20th century. The definitions and development of both nationalisms are the basis of the conflict. The emergence of Zionism was not in reaction to Muslims, Palestinians or Arabs, but in response to perceived and real anti-Semitism in Europe and Russia. Although the decision to make Israel a Zionist state location was founded on religious factors, this was largely untrue regarding the decision to establish a Zionist state. When Zionists came to Israel, they did not intend to evict the native population although they were oblivious to it to a great extent. The Zionist movement encouraged immigration to Israel using the slogan, "A land without a people for a people without a land." On reaching Israel, they sought land and believed this maxim, and in this way, they had already sowed the seed of the conflict. Mostly, Zionist settlers showed no animosity against the indigenous population. They never removed Palestinians from their land using force, but they had a simple economic strategy of purchasing land from Arab tribes that represented the indigenous Palestinian inhabitants. This resulted into the Palestinians identifying
Saturday, February 8, 2020
Writing a comprehensive research report on the use of new technology Paper
Writing a comprehensive report on the use of new technology as a part of a company's service efforts - Research Paper Example Search affects the activities of individuals and all sorts of organizations. The contribution of new technology to the economic growth can have a realization when and if the technology is put to use and diffused. Diffusion itself results from a series of individual decisions to begin using the new technology, decisions that are often the result of a comparison of the uncertain benefits of the new invention with the costs of adopting it. The benefits of from adopting new technologies, for example, wireless communications are received throughout the life of the acquired innovator. The use of new technologies enhances operations and exploits new market opportunities (Manyika, 2013). When adopted at scale across an emerging type of networked enterprise and integrated into the work processes of employees, social media, and other new technologies can boost a companyââ¬â¢s financial performance and market share. Using technology to maximize companyââ¬â¢s business productivity creates a platform to realize real business. The business software puts organization s in an assurance of having the tools to overcome challenges of execution on strategizing every day and prosper in todayââ¬â¢s economic times. Companies are on the increase in focusing on managing customer relationships, the customer asset, or customer equity. The rapid growth of social media, from blogs to Twitter and Facebook, to YouTube and LinkedIn, offers organizations and companies the chance to join a conversation with millions of customers around the globe every day. The groups use social media as one way of the promotional channel. They use consumer conversations and turn the information into consumer insights that impact the bottom line (Hunt, 2013). The internet based social media emergence has started a new kind of conversation among consumers and companies. It challenges the traditional ideas on brand management and marketing while in the meantime creates alternative opportunities
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